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Computer Science - Social Sciences - 06.09.2021
Using video for the early detection of autism
Using video for the early detection of autism
Using artificial intelligence, a team from the UNIGE has developed a device for the early detection of autism spectrum disorder in children. Individuals affected by autism spectrum disorder often present communication issues and difficulties in social interactions. Although very frequent, this disorder is challenging to diagnose before the age of five.

Physics - Materials Science - 02.09.2021
Photovoltaic perovskites can detect neutrons
Photovoltaic perovskites can detect neutrons
A simple and cheap device for detecting neutrons has been developed by a team of researchers and their collaborators. The device, based on a special class of crystalline compounds called perovskites, could be used to quickly detect neutrons coming from radioactive materials, e.g. a nuclear reactor that has been damaged or that is being transported nefariously, the researchers say.

Life Sciences - 01.09.2021
Highly dynamic sex chromosomes in cichlid fishes
Highly dynamic sex chromosomes in cichlid fishes
The cichlids of Lake Tanganyika in Africa are highly diverse - including with regard to sex chromosomes. These have changed extremely frequently in the course of the evolution of these fish and, depending on the species, can be of the type XY or ZW. This has been reported by a research team from the University of Basel and the Research Museum Koenig in Bonn in the scientific journal Science Advances.

Health - Pharmacology - 01.09.2021
Nasal cartilage relieves osteoarthritis in the knee
Nasal cartilage relieves osteoarthritis in the knee
Cartilage cells from the nasal septum can not only help repair cartilage injuries in the knee - according to researchers from the University of Basel and the University Hospital Basel, they can also withstand the chronic inflammatory tissue environment in osteoarthritis and even counteract the inflammation.

Life Sciences - Health - 31.08.2021
How to produce proteins at the right speed
How to produce proteins at the right speed
Using a dynamic observation technique of protein synthesis, scientists from the University of Geneva have deciphered the genetic mechanisms governing the speed of translation of messenger RNA. In all eukaryotic organisms, genetic material is stored in the cell nucleus in the form of DNA. In order to be used, this DNA is first transcribed into messenger RNA in the cell cytoplasm, then translated into protein with the help of ribosomes, small machines capable of decoding messenger RNA to synthesise the appropriate proteins.

Chemistry - Physics - 30.08.2021
Charging stations can combine hydrogen production and energy storage
Charging stations can combine hydrogen production and energy storage
Scientists have developed a new system that addresses two top priorities of the energy transition: clean hydrogen production and large-scale energy storage. Their technology could be particularly useful in transportation applications. The need for reliable renewable energy is growing fast, as countries around the world - including Switzerland - step up their efforts to fight climate change, find alternatives to fossil fuels and reach the energy-transition targets set by their governments.

Health - Psychology - 27.08.2021
Maternal voice reduces pain in premature babies
Maternal voice reduces pain in premature babies
A team from the University of Geneva shows that the maternal voice reduces signs of pain in premature babies when they undergo life-saving medical interventions. A baby born prematurely often has to be separated from its parents and placed in an incubator in intensive care. For several weeks, he or she will undergo routine medical procedures that can be painful, without being relieved by too many pharmaceutical painkillers, which are risky for his or her development.

Life Sciences - 27.08.2021
Embryonic development in slow motion
Embryonic development in slow motion
Roe deer are among the few mammals whose embryos go into a particularly long period of dormancy. Using modern molecular methods, researchers have shown for the first time what exactly happens in the embryo during this phase. They have identified signals that control the embryo`s awakening. Everyone is familiar with the roe deer, either from crossword puzzles or from real-life encounters during a jog or a hike in the forest: majestic creatures with elegant big black eyes.

Health - Mathematics - 26.08.2021
Improving contact-tracing apps in the COVID-19 era
Improving contact-tracing apps in the COVID-19 era
An international collaboration with EPFL has developed a method to improve the performance of COVID-19 contact-tracing apps by taking into account a user's recent contacts, risk levels and shared information about tests and symptoms. Contact-tracing apps like SwissCovid have enormous potential to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Physics - Chemistry - 26.08.2021
Light-matter interactions propel quantum technologies forward
Light-matter interactions propel quantum technologies forward
Physicists at EPFL have found a way to get photons to interact with pairs of atoms for the first time. The breakthrough is important for the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), a cutting-edge field leading the way to quantum technologies. Image: A collection of atom pairs inside an optical cavity formed by a pair of mirrors facing each other.

Computer Science - Physics - 25.08.2021
Optical technology can slash the energy required by AI
Optical technology can slash the energy required by AI
EPFL engineers are pioneering an energy-saving technology that uses fiber optics to boost the performance of supercomputers. Optical technology is used for transmitting, storing, displaying and identifying data. It provides the processing speed that data centers need by offering efficient means for communication and analysis operations.

Health - 24.08.2021
Viruses leave traces for long after infection
Viruses leave traces for long after infection
Viruses do not always kill the cells they infect. Researchers at the University of Basel have discovered in experiments with mice that cells have the power to self-heal and eliminate viruses. However, these cells undergo long-term changes. The findings may provide a hint as to why cured hepatitis C patients are more susceptible to liver cancer for years after.

Life Sciences - Health - 23.08.2021
Understanding how elephants use their trunk
Understanding how elephants use their trunk
A multidisciplinary team of scientists from the UNIGE identified how elephants evolved strategies that reduce the biomechanical complexity of their trunk. The elephant proboscis (trunk) exhibits an extraordinary kinematic versatility as it can manipulate a single blade of grass but also carry loads up to 270 kilograms.

Life Sciences - 23.08.2021
Faulty regulation of an architect gene can lead to rare bone disease
Faulty regulation of an architect gene can lead to rare bone disease
Researchers found that, if expressed too early during embryonic development, one of the genes that orchestrate the formation of limbs can lead to a rare disorder of bone growth. Mesomelic dysplasias are a group of rare genetic conditions characterized by extreme shortening of the long bones in the arms and legs.

Chemistry - Materials Science - 20.08.2021
Changes in colour indicate deformations
Changes in colour indicate deformations
Researchers have developed a new type of laminate that changes colour as soon as the material is deformed. This way, the materials researchers can kill two birds with one stone: a lightweight composite material that inspects itself. Lightweight construction has found its way into many areas, especially automotive manufacturing, shipbuilding and aircraft construction.

Life Sciences - Computer Science - 20.08.2021
LiftPose3D: Turning 2D images into 3D models
LiftPose3D: Turning 2D images into 3D models
Scientists have developed a deep learning-based method called LiftPose3D, which can reconstruct 3D animal poses using only 2D poses from one camera. This method will have impact in neuroscience and bioinspired robotics. "When people perform experiments in neuroscience they have to make precise measurements of behavior," says Professor Pavan Ramdya at EPFL's School of Life Sciences, who led the study.

Physics - Astronomy / Space - 19.08.2021
Researchers from IRSOL and IAC solve twenty-year-old paradox in solar physics
Researchers from IRSOL and IAC solve twenty-year-old paradox in solar physics
In 1998, the journal Nature published a seminal letter concluding that a mysterious signal, which had been recently discovered analysing the polarization of sunlight, implies that the solar chromosphere (a very important layer of the solar atmosphere) is practically unmagnetised, in sharp contradiction with common wisdom.

Life Sciences - Health - 19.08.2021
Creation of a detailed 'catalogue' of degradation products in cells
Creation of a detailed ’catalogue’ of degradation products in cells
Cells have their own quality control to prevent the production and accumulation of harmful proteins. This quality control is essential for correct embryonic development in all mammals and plays an important role in tumors and genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. A group of researchers from the University of Bern and the University of Basel have now made visible and cataloged for the first time, "blueprints" that give rise to defective proteins and are normally recognized and rapidly degraded in cells.

Life Sciences - Linguistics / Literature - 19.08.2021
What If Our History Was Written In Our Grammar?
What If Our History Was Written In Our Grammar?
Humans have been always on the move, creating a complex history of languages and cultural traditions dispersed over the globe. An international team under UZH's lead has now traced families of related languages over more than 10,000 years by combining data from genetics, linguistics and musicology using novel digital methods.

Materials Science - Health - 19.08.2021
Band-aid for internal wounds
Band-aid for internal wounds
Closing wounds in the digestive tract is a challenge. researchers have now developed a polymer patch for the intestine that can be used to stably bond and seal internal injuries. A burst appendix or a life-threatening intestinal volvulus are emergencies that need to be treated by surgeons immediately.
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